All content is free. Figure 8-1 shows the general xanthine structure and the structures of theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) and caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine). With bronchodilator types being B-agonists, anticholinergic and xanthine derivatives. Theophylline (dimethylxanthine) has been used to treat airway diseases for more than 80 years. When administering the methylxanthine theophylline, the nurse can expect: A. BRONCHODILATOR CLASSIFICATIONS. Because of their methyl attachments, these agents are often referred to as methylxanthines. 19) • Prototype Drugs: – Theophylline-Theo-dur – Aminophylline . Consumer information about the medication XANTHINE DERIVATIVES - ORAL , includes side effects, drug interactions, recommended dosages, and storage information. Learn faster with spaced repetition. Study asthma - bronchodilator Xanthine drugs flashcards from georgie mair's bristol university class online, or in Brainscape's iPhone or Android app. Decreased pulmonary function B. The airway response to the inhalation of four alkyl xanthines was studied in 17 subjects with moderately severe asthma (mean FEV1 1.19 litres, 42% predicted). ... Bronchodilators: Beta-Agonists Mechanism of Action. Xanthine Derivatives (Refer to Prototype List in syllabus, pg. The topic of Xanthine Medications will likely be covered in the Pharmacology courses of your school program. Option D: Theophylline is a methylxanthine bronchodilator. We also have a guide on Adrenergic Bronchodilators that I think you will enjoy. Bronchodilators work through their direct relaxation effect on airway smooth muscle cells. 5. at present, three major classes of bronchodilators, β(2)-adrenoceptor (AR) agonists, muscarinic receptor antagonists, and xanthines are available and can be used individually or in combination. The xanthine alkaloids—caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline—are closely related compounds found in a variety of plants indigenous to several continents. Bronchodilators Xanthine derivatives Beta-agonists Anticholinergics Antileukotriene agents Corticosteroids Mast cell stabilizers Sympathomimetic Agents ie epi, ephedrine, isoproterenol, terbutaline. The nurse instructs the client to limit the intake of xanthine-containing foods such as chocolate, cola, cocoa, tea, and coffee. Read more about the prescription drug XANTHINE DERIVATIVES - ORAL. Indications are based on acute and chronic pulmonary disease and dysfunction. The mechanisms of actions focus on relaxation, dilation and decrease in secretions. Medscape's clinical reference is the most authoritative and accessible point-of-care medical reference for physicians and healthcare professionals, available online and via all major mobile devices. Theophylline is related chemically to the natural metabolite xanthine, which is a precursor of uric acid. How Do These Drugs Work? Cushley MJ, Holgate ST. • Relieve Bronchoconstriction • Cause bronchodilatation . ü Beta-Agonists . Hopefully, this study guide can help make that process easier for you. Begins at the specific receptor stimulated It is the responsibility of the Respiratory Therapist to learn about the drug class. Bronchodilators: ü Xanthines Derivatives . Mechanism of Action Bronchodilator actions of xanthine derivatives administered by inhalation in asthma. Specific xanthine agents.