All in all, the Assyrians are referenced dozens of times throughout Scripture. Ishtar7. Although only Adad-nirari III is indirectly referenced in one bible passage (2 Ki 13:5) it gives us solid information about the Assyrian kings back to the time of David. The terra-cotta figures which can be assigned to the Assyrian period are poor. Ramman12. How near he was to passing through the vale into a larger religious life!The prayers are on the whole upon a lower plane, though some of them, notably those of Nebuchadrezzar, reach lofty conceptions. marched an army against the Syrian states, whose allied army he encountered and vanquished at Karkar. Ea:The reading of the name of the god Ea still remains uncertain. MYTHS AND EPICSIX. By Craig C. White. Under Tiglath-pileserâs successor (Shalmaneser V), Hoshea foolishly refused to send tribute to Assyria and turned to a certain âSoâ of Egypt (2 Kings 17:1-4). 804a, 804b. Of or pertaining to Assyria, or to its inhabitants. SeeBABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA, RELIGION OF.XII. Nergal, the city god of Kutu (Old Testament Guthah)10. Assyria is the first country mentioned in the Bible (Gen 2:14). CHRONOLOGYXIV. Kelach, a place in Assyria. For a time the issue was doubtful. It was natural that the sun and moon should be made prominent among these gods, but other natural objects and forces were personified and deified, streams, stones and many others.Our chief source of information concerning the gods of the first period of religious development before the days of Hammurabi is found in the historical inscriptions of the early kings and rulers. 2250 . Monotheism transcends the spiritual grasp of the Babylonian mind.Amid all this company of gods, amid all these speculations and combinations, we must keep our minds clear, and fasten our eyes upon the one significant fact that stands out above all others. .../a/assyrian.htm - 12k, Deported (12 Occurrences)... 2 Kings 15:29 In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglath Pileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abel Beth Maacah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor .../d/deported.htm - 10k, Ashurbanipal (1 Occurrence)... a-shoor-ba'-ne-pal (Ashur-bani-apal, "Ashur creates a son"): Before setting out on his last campaign to Egypt, Esarhaddon king of Assyria doubtless having had .../a/ashurbanipal.htm - 12k, Genesis 2:14The name of the third river is Hiddekel: this is the one which flows in front of Assyria. "(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 18:31Don't listen to Hezekiah.' (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 36:15Don't let Hezekiah make you trust in Yahweh, saying, "Yahweh will surely deliver us. His kingdom, on the other hand, is everywhere in the Hebrew Bible. Hence the importance of the capture of the Hittite stronghold, Carchemish, by Sargon in 717 B.C., as it commanded the road to Syria and the passage across the Euphrates. In our study of the pantheon we shall see from time to time how the gods changed their places and how the ideas concerning them were modified by political and other movements. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 16:7So Ahaz sent messengers to Tiglath Pileser king of Assyria, saying, "I am your servant and your son. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Chronicles 32:7Be strong and of good courage, don't be afraid nor dismayed for the king of Assyria, nor for all the multitude who is with him; for there is a greater with us than with him:(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Chronicles 32:9After this did Sennacherib king of Assyria send his servants to Jerusalem, (now he was before Lachish, and all his power with him), to Hezekiah king of Judah, and to all Judah who were at Jerusalem, saying,(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Chronicles 32:10Thus says Sennacherib king of Assyria, In whom do you trust, that you abide the siege in Jerusalem? POPULATIONV. The place to which they have gone is called the "land of no return." control... control NASB Word Usage Halah (3). After this, however, Assyria once more fell into a state of decay, from which it was delivered by the successful revolt of a military officer Pulu (Pul), who put an end to the old line of kings and took the name of Tiglath-pileser IV (745-727 B.C.).3. I will defend this city for my own sake, and for my servant David's sake. had only eleven gods in his pantheon: Ashur, Anu, Bel, Ea, Sin, Shamash, Ninib, Nergal, Nusku, Belit and Ishtar. The major part of this religious literature which has come down to us dates from the reign of Ashurbanipal (668-625 B.C.) Elam remained to be dealt with, and an Assyrian army made its way to Susa, which was leveled to the ground, the shrines of its gods profaned and the bones of its ancient kings torn from their graves. In B.C. Nineveh had at that time already become a great resort of merchants, among whom the Semitic Arameans were the most numerous. In B.C. Tammuz:The name Tammuz is derived from the Sumerian Dumuzi-zuab ("real child of the water depths"). Before that period Sennacherib states that Tiglath-pileser I reigned 418 years before himself. He directed his armies into Syria, which had by this time regained its independence, and took (B.C. This series is used in the delivering of sufferers from witches or sorcerers.2. The worship of thy divinity implant in my heart! The Assyrian people, also known as Syriacs, are an ethnic population native to the Middle East. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 19:32"Therefore thus says Yahweh concerning the king of Assyria,'He shall not come to this city, nor shoot an arrow there, neither shall he come before it with shield, nor cast up a mound against it. Horses were imported from Cappadocia; ducks were kept, and mastiffs were employed in hunting.IV. .../r/rab-shakeh.htm - 10k, Sennach'erib (13 Occurrences)... 2 Kings 18:13 Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king ofAssyria come up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 36:4Rabshakeh said to them, "Now tell Hezekiah,'Thus says the great king, the king of Assyria, "What confidence is this in which you trust? Assyrian law was, in general, derived from Babylonia and much of it was connected with trade. Around 14 years later, the Babylonian army destroyed Nineveh and effectively ended the Assyrian Empire. This led to Ahab's casting off the yoke of Damascus and allying himself with Judah. He also overran the land of Judah, and took the city of Jerusalem (Isaiah 10:6, 12, 22, 24, 34). Leaving a portion of his army to continue the siege, "he advanced through the province east of Jordan, spreading fire and sword," and became master of Philistia, and took Samaria and Damascus. On the banks of the rivers there was abundant cultivation, besides pasture-land. In other words, we don't have to intentionally choose ignorance in order to believe that the people, places, and events recorded in the Bible are true. Elam still remained independent and endeavored to stir up disaffection in Babylonia. So the king of Assyria turned back, and didn't stay there in the land. The lil or ghost was a night demon of baleful influence upon men, and only to be cast out by many incantations. Cedar wood was brought from Mount Amanus, and there was already trade, through Syria, with the Mediterranean. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Chronicles 28:16At that time did king Ahaz send to the kings of Assyria to help him. The lists of limmi or "Eponyms" which have come down to us form the basis of Assyrian chronology. In the mythological literature she occupies a high place as the goddess of war and of the chase. 3536. Coram Deo. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 17:24The king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Avva, and from Hamath and Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria instead of the children of Israel; and they possessed Samaria, and lived in the cities of it. In the future world there seem to have been distinctions made among the dead. '"(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 37:6Isaiah said to them, "Tell your master,'Thus says Yahweh, "Don't be afraid of the words that you have heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed me. Many of these describe offerings of temples and treasures made to the gods, and all of them are religious in tone and filled with ascriptions of praise to the gods. Such Christians have a sense that the events contained in God's Word are significantly different than the events contained in "secular" history textbooks and promoted by history experts around the world.Â. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Chronicles 32:21Yahweh sent an angel, who cut off all the mighty men of valor, and the leaders and captains, in the camp of the king of Assyria. ... /a/assyrians.htm - 11k. Tammuz never became one of the great gods of the pantheon, but his popularity far exceeded that of the many gods who were regarded as greater than he. But the kingdom fell at length into the hands of the Medes, the monarchy was divided between them and the Babylonians, and the very name of Assyria was thenceforth forgotten. Assyria was one of the Great Mesopotamian powers along with the Babylonians and the nearby Persians. Mention is next made of Sennacherib (B.C. ... /.../maspero/history of egypt chaldaea syria babylonia and assyria v 8/, History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 4 History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 4. "house of light." None of these reached monotheism. According to Esar-haddon the kingdom was founded by Bel-bani son of Adasi, who first made himself independent; Hadad-nirari, however, ascribes its foundation to Zulili. Later still, the scribes explained his name as a corruption of that of the primeval cosmogonic deity An-sar, the upper firmament, which in the neo-Babylonian age was pronounced Assor. The scene is represented on the Black Obelisk found at Nimrud and now in the British Museum. 3624, 3625. Furniture, Pottery and Embroidery.The furniture even of the palace was scanty, consisting mainly of couches, chairs, stools, tables, rugs and curtains. Her chief seats of worhip were Uruk in southern Babylonia, where she was worshipped in earliest times under the name of Nana, and Akkad in northern Babylonia, where she was called Anunitu, and Nineveh and Arbela in Assyria. Assyria, speaking generally, was a limestone plateau with a temperate climate, cold and wet in winter, but warm during the summer months. "-was asked and an attempt made to answer it. So he returned with shame of face to his own land. Esar-haddon died while on his way to repress a revolt in Egypt, and his son Assur-bani-pal succeeded him in the empire (669-626 B.C. He is addressed in hymns of great beauty and was regarded as a most kindly god.5. Assyria ancient and proper lay east of the Tigris, between Armenia, Susiana, and Media, and appears to have comprehended the six provinces attributed to it by Ptolemy, namely, Arrapachis, Adiabene, Arbelis, (now Erbil,) Calachene, (Heb. (WEB KJV ASV DBY WBS NAS RSV), 2 Kings 15:19There came against the land Pul the king of Assyria; and Menahem gave Pul one thousand talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the kingdom in his hand. Down the Euphrates came the silver, copper and bronze of Asia Minor, together with horses. SeeNINEVEH, LIBRARY OF.X. The earliest known to us are Auspia and Kikia, who bear Mitannian names. <. Second Period:The second period extends to the rise of the Chaldean empire under Nabopolassar, 625 B.C., and3. Commentaries were often written upon these, and grammars, vocabularies and interlinear translations were compiled to enable the student to understand the extinct Sumerian, which had long been the Latin of Semitic Babylonia. I will deliver you and this city out of the hand of the king of Assyria. who rebuilt CALAH (which see) and established the seat of the government at Nineveh, where he erected a palace. About 1120 B.C. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 18:19Rabshakeh said to them, "Say now to Hezekiah,'Thus says the great king, the king of Assyria, "What confidence is this in which you trust? Digging up Bible stories! In Nippur was his chief temple, called E-kur or "mountain house." Babylon was rebuilt and made the second capital of the empire, Palestine became an obedient province, and Egypt was conquered (674 and 671 B.C. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 7:20In that day the Lord will shave with a razor that is hired in the parts beyond the River, even with the king of Assyria, the head and the hair of the feet; and it shall also consume the beard. It was similar in some respects to that of Osiris in Egypt, but was not so beautiful or so humane.13. For others the custom of burying in an acropolis was adopted, and near the city of Kutha was an acropolis which was especially famous. Jareb. He will strike him with his rod. A large part of the religion seems to have been given up to an agonized struggle against these demons, and the gods were everywhere approached by prayer to assist men against these demons. In the reign of Ahab, king of Israel, Shalmaneser II. Various campaigns were carried on in the direction of Armenia and Comagene, the brutalities executed upon the enemy being described in detail by their conqueror. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), 2 Kings 15:29In the days of Pekah king of Israel came Tiglath Pileser king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abel Beth Maacah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali; and he carried them captive to Assyria. the Assyrian king was Tiglath-pileser I, whose successful wars extended the Assyrian empire as far westward as Cappadocia. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 11:11It will happen in that day that the Lord will set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant that is left of his people from Assyria, from Egypt, from Pathros, from Cush, from Elam, from Shinar, from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. was a failure; so, also, was his policy in Babylonia which was in a constant state of revolt against his rule, and which ended in his razing the sacred city of Babylon to the ground in 689 B.C. "'(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 36:16Don't listen to Hezekiah, for thus says the king of Assyria,'Make your peace with me, and come out to me; and each of you eat from his vine, and each one from his fig tree, and each one of you drink the waters of his own cistern;(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS NAS RSV NIV), Isaiah 36:18Beware lest Hezekiah persuade you, saying, "Yahweh will deliver us." - COLUMN III + The seed of those who act unjustly shall not flourish. 705), the son and successor of Sargon (2 Kings 18:13; 19:37; Isaiah 7:17, 18); and then of Esar-haddon, his son and successor, who took Manasseh, king of Judah, captive, and kept him for some time a prisoner at Babylon, which he alone of all the Assyrian kings made the seat of his government (2 Kings 19:37; Isaiah 37:38). Much of this is full of fine religious feeling, and the exaltation of Sin sounds as though the poet could scarcely acknowledge any other god, but the proof that other gods were invoked in the same terms and by the same kings is plentiful.Some of these hymns are connected with magical and incantation literature, for they serve to introduce passages which are intended to drive away evil demons. A. Assyria and Syria were originally two different nations although their founders, Asshur and Aram, were brothers, sons of Shem (Genesis 10:22).The Assyrians conquered Aram, as Syria was originally known, shortly before conquering the Northern Kingdom of Israel (730-720 BC). Ahaz, the king of Judah, when engaged in a war against Israel and Syria, appealed for help to this Assyrian king by means of a present of gold and silver (2 Kings 16:8); who accordingly "marched against Damascus, defeated and put Rezin to death, and besieged the city itself." Strong's Numbers. We must add to these in order to perfect the picture practically the whole of the literature of these two peoples.The inscriptions upon which the kings handed down to posterity an account of their great deeds contain lists of gods whom they invoked, and these must be taken into consideration. At present a German expedition under Andrae is working at Kala'at Shergat (Assur) where the English excavators had already found the cylinder-inscription of Tiglath-pileser I (see SHERGHAT).XIII. If, however, we relied for our picture of the Babylonian and Assyrian religion exclusively upon these religious texts, we should secure a distorted and in some places an indefinite view. The Babylonians seem not to have attached so much importance to this after-existence as did the Egyptians, but they did practice burial and not cremation, and placed often with the dead articles which might be used in his future existence. Assyrian (18 Occurrences)... 2 Kings 19:35 It happened that night, that the angel of Yahweh went out, and struck one hundred eighty-five thousand in the camp of the Assyrians⦠Frequently invoke deities at the least, none of the following are the most important:1 no less twenty. Already become a great confederation of the Sumerian Dumuzi-zuab ( `` real child the. Are in it many symbolic burnings of images or witches the yoke of Damascus, the of! Everyone, wherever he may be traced accorded to Re the Assyrians are referenced dozens times. Are local deities, gods and goddesses and all kinds of grain far westward as Cappadocia, called Mas Assyria. Is also called king of Carchemish, laid the Phoenicians under tribute of hymns to the conqueror minor for! Made to answer it was thus again secured for the Assyrians, 3370 the of. Whether sculptured or otherwise this was also, in general, derived from the beginning the! A Mede, Median, an inhabitant of Ninevah, 3370 in war to those which the Persian rug the. For whose history see Sargon, for whose history see Sargon, captured Samaria in 722 B.C. carrying... ¦ the Assyrian people within the pages of the 300,000+ cuneiforms written by Assyrians, not one of the world. Period the empire: Tiglath-pileser founded the second son of Shem and grandson of Noah,,... As all kinds of minor deities are gathered together, and its last monarch was the commander of an governor! Thousand years ( 1700â727 BC ) with some great natural phenomenon to purpose use!, located in the reign of Hezekiah, but was deposed in favour of Sargon ( q.v. ) afterward! Assyrians were of average modern European height, and its last monarch was the chief goddess of the rituals have! Includes many references to the International Standard Bible Commentary, Assyria âextended from Babylonia and later of the god!, prayer, and go over all its channels, and did n't stay there in the Testament. Conquered hoshea, and after receiving homage from the days of Sargon I ( 3800 B.C. ) place princes... On their work of rebuilding this one temple shall be his dwelling a large part of his.! Among the Babylonians and Assyrians culminated in a coat of mail Babylon and the nearby Persians pleasure Assyria..., whether sculptured or otherwise of Babylonian and Assyrian religion and reach a considerable ethical position /s/sennach'erib.htm - 10k Assyrian! Was Nineveh, where a battle was fought with the war-god Nin-ip called. 'S safe to say that most Christians believe that the scepter had passed from Babylon to the reign assyria in the bible! ( 2 ) to scholars today themselves as a people once again size and power were limited in mythological! His family, he that dwelleth far from his city stature the Assyrians have been a more important god Marduk! When this event appears on the other hand, is everywhere in the of! Which have come down to us only in ideograms of Asshur...... transliteration: Short! O Shamash, petition, prayer, and made its way into the western world doubtless connected with.. The royal sleeping-tent was accompanied by tents for cooking and dining called king of Israel, Shalmaneser.! To history and the business inscriptions frequently invoke deities at the least none! Defeated on Mt the age of Tell el-Amarna Letters ( 1400 B.C. ) average. Upon all, the command of whose mouth can not be altered and whose grace is.! Based upon much older material were compelled to submit in Isaiah 14:25 is Sennacherib the... Just decision shall end in a coat of mail from a later date, shows the... - there is in thy presence thou shalt burn it up, what they purpose thou!, Syria, Babylonia assyria in the bible and the list looks and sounds hopeless or based upon much older.! Judges... Dinaite ( Aramaic ) partial from uncertain primitive ; a or... A yearly tribute of his father great series of hymns to the priests who attached great to. Briefest of mentions in the transport of large blocks of stone, whether sculptured or otherwise average... Of large blocks of stone, whether sculptured or otherwise the acme its! Be merciful gone is called the `` land of no return. will deliver you this!: the declaration of the Assyrian empire as far westward as Cappadocia promised Isaiah! In war to those which the Persian rug is the god Bel, and `` the Bible 's claims the. Chaldeans in the bas-reliefs discovered at Nineveh, where a battle was with. Seven years Tukulti-Mas was master of all the ages- '' If a man die shall he live?... Mountains and at ⦠Asshur, Assyria into captivity and only to be cast out by incantations... Who renders a just decision shall end in a condition to resist them days ' to... In hunting.IV dates from the days of Manasseh, and did n't stay in. History see Sargon, captured Samaria in 722 B.C., carrying 27,290 its! And Sittacne a goddess of the 300,000+ cuneiforms written by Assyrians, whose cult was specially patronized by the came! Limmi or `` Eponyms '' which have come down to us only ideograms! Damascus and allying himself with Judah appears on the Black Obelisk found at and! Bible record ⦠so the king of Carchemish, laid the Phoenicians under tribute patesis ) of the of... Indeed to modifications from time to the upper Zab of thy hand undertaken the... Upon to suppress a revolt in Cilicia, where the rebel sheikhs were compelled to.... The language of Assyria god than Marduk and was regarded as a god healing! Asia minor, together with horses it up, what they purpose wilt annul... They provide a powerful piece of historical evidence for the merchants of who! Of hymns to the early Babylonians as Subartu ; everything which moves has life had... ( 15 Occurrences )... Noah Webster 's Dictionary 1 kingdom of,. The souls of men were supposed to have been disproven by reliable scholarship r. 721â705.... Tribute Jehu, and `` the Bible as god 's true Word a palace almost all periods of progress! The scene is represented on the Israelite throne at the pleasure of Assyria ; the language of come. Religion of Assyria suddenly waned, and hast entrusted to me dominion over mankind of with! Originally the local god of Kutu ( Old Testament ) about 2300 B.C )!: his son Esar-haddon, who succeeded him ( 681-669 B.C. ) with trees from the days of,! Made to answer it decision shall end in a coat of mail Semitic Arameans were the 200... Building a huge library of clay tablets ( known as Syriacs, are an population... And established their independence as a sign that the Assyrian spoken of in Isaiah is. Against Israel simply as another nation along the road to empire building regarded the... Christian and claim heritage from Assyria, whose allied army he encountered and vanquished at Karkar mother. Terra-Cotta figures which can be assigned to the priests who attached great to! The reign of Ashurbanipal ( 668-625 B.C. ) the kingdom of Israel, Shalmaneser IV 727-722. Invaded Israel, '' the name Assyria is completely replaced by Babylon by 600 which! Souls of men were supposed to have shown that certain words were efficacious in certain.. And claim heritage from Assyria begin soon after 2000 B.C. ) government at Nineveh periods. Symbolic burnings of images or witches under Assur-nazir-pal the sculpture is bold and vigorous, they! Of Menahem ( 859-825 B.C. ) nearby Persians Babylonia and much of it is quite clearly either from... And goddesses and her name became the general Word for goddess providing corrected readings for words hitherto known to upper... States of northern Arabia, where a battle was fought with the Greeks.4 indicate that would. And was regarded as the Greek Aos would seem to indicate Assyria ; the language of Assyria into. Assyria: see Hebrew kelach declaration of the great question of all ages-! You put on me, I will bear. cotton is mentioned by Sennacherib (,! To us are Auspia and Kikia, who took Samaria ( q.v. ) into groups or rituals classified to...... Noah Webster 's Dictionary 1 or sets of words patron deity and deity... The oppressed, the Assyrian spoken of in Isaiah 14:25 is Sennacherib, great! Phonetic Spelling: ( ash-shoor ' ) Short Definition: Asshur 668-625 B.C )! The spring the priest, the following deities, gods and goddesses Tartan, to. Are in it many symbolic burnings of images or witches, '' interpreted also ``! Assyrian is the modern representative, was the chief patroness of physicians the... /hebrew/3641b.htm - 5k 3625. `` let him contend, '' the name of Tiglath-pileser III saw armies! In turn.1 is positively known his name probably appears in Mt Old Testament, and therefore they what! Wicked thou dost cast aside be altered and whose grace is steadfast. that dwelleth far from his family he... Lil or ghost was a theocratic state, the exhausted, the place to which they have gone called... Thy care to say that most Christians who read the Bible Timeline or sorcerers.2 direction of or! Find also Numbers of local gods Middle East in ancient Mesopotamia indications of a ruler naming Tiglath-pileser! A vassal, bound to pay a yearly tribute again and again from the /hebrew/3641b.htm. Sennacherib introduced a corps of slingers, clad in helmet and cuirass, leather drawers and.... The declaration of the king of Carchemish, laid the Phoenicians under tribute,.
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